CHECKDISK

Yeni sunucuda disk kontrolü

Yeni bir sunucu açıldığı zaman kurulum veya veri aktarımı yapılmadan evvel hard disklerin sağlıklı olduğunu kontrol ediniz. Sunucunuza size sağladığımız root şifresi ile SSH erişimi sağlayınız.

• 1- Arıza bildirimleri için log kayıtlarını inceleyiniz.
  cat /var/log/messages
  
  Oct 6 11:27:02 CentOS-65-64-minimal rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="5.8.10" x-pid="1265" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] rsyslogd was HUPed
  Oct 6 18:51:16 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: md2: resync done.
  Oct 6 18:51:16 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: resync of RAID array md1
  Oct 6 18:51:16 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: delaying resync of md0 until md1 has finished (they share one or more physical units)
  Oct 6 18:51:16 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: minimum _guaranteed_ speed: 1000 KB/sec/disk.
  Oct 6 18:51:16 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: using maximum available idle IO bandwidth (but not more than 200000 KB/sec) for resync.
  Oct 6 18:51:16 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: using 128k window, over a total of 524224k.
  Oct 6 18:51:16 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: resuming resync of md1 from checkpoint.
  Oct 6 18:51:20 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: md1: resync done.
  Oct 6 18:51:20 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: resync of RAID array md0
  Oct 6 18:51:20 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: minimum _guaranteed_ speed: 1000 KB/sec/disk.
  Oct 6 18:51:20 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: using maximum available idle IO bandwidth (but not more than 200000 KB/sec) for resync.
  Oct 6 18:51:20 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: using 128k window, over a total of 16777088k.
  Oct 6 18:51:20 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: resuming resync of md0 from checkpoint.
  Oct 6 18:52:21 CentOS-65-64-minimal kernel: md: md0: resync done.
  Oct 7 07:39:02 CentOS-65-64-minimal yum[8423]: Installed: 1:smartmontools-5.43-1.el6.x86_64
  
  
  Genelde disk arızaları şu şekilde kayıt oluşturur:
  kernel: sidisk I/O error: dev 08:01, sector 1590410
  kernel: SCSI disk error : host 0 channel 0 id 0 lun 0 return code = 28000002
  veya
  kernel: hde: read_intr: error=0x10 { SectorIdNotFound }, CHS=31563/14/35, sector=0
  kernel: hde: read_intr: status=0x59 { DriveReady SeekComplete DataRequest Error }
  
  cat /proc/mdstat ile arıza durumunda genel bilgi alabilirsiniz.
  


• 2- RAID disklerin durumunu kontrol edin.
  mdadm --detail /dev/md0
  
  /dev/md0:
  Version : 1.0
  Creation Time : Mon Oct 6 10:27:42 2014
  Raid Level : raid1
  Array Size : 16777088 (16.00 GiB 17.18 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 16777088 (16.00 GiB 17.18 GB)
  Raid Devices : 2
  Total Devices : 2
  Persistence : Superblock is persistent
  
  Update Time : Mon Oct 6 18:52:21 2014
  State : clean
  Active Devices : 2
  Working Devices : 2
  Failed Devices : 0
  Spare Devices : 0
  
  Name : rescue:0
  UUID : 52dc0599:4b657985:06efca2b:11083c89
  Events : 22
  
  Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
  0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1
  1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1
  


• 3- (opsiyonel) Smarttools ile de check disk yapabilirsiniz.
  yum -y install smartmontools
  smartctl -d ata -H /dev/sdb
  
  Hatasız disk cevabı:
  smartctl 5.43 2012-06-30 r3573 [x86_64-linux-2.6.32-431.29.2.el6.x86_64] (local build)
  Copyright (C) 2002-12 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
  
  === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
  SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
  
  Disk sorunlu ise gelecek cevap örneği:
  smartctl version 5.38 [i686-pc-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen
  Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/
  === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
  SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
  Please note the following marginal Attributes:
  ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 044 033 045 Old_age Always FAILING_NOW 56 (96 110 58 25)
  
  


• 4- Detaylı test.
  smartctl -d ata -t long /dev/sda
  
  Testlerin sonucunu gözlemlemek için:
  smartctl -l selftest /dev/sda